Mas, Hari libur kemarin ngapain? Kalo Aqu belajar bahasa Inggris di rumah Mas. Seharian Mas dan mendapat banyak pertanyaan. (Halah… Bilang aja mau nanya)
Iya Mas, Aqu punya banyak pertanyaan. Ini sebagai kue beneran deh. Hehehe -just Kidding-
Saya dapat setelah membaca Artikel daari Cambridge University:
1. I think I might consider taking some summer classes
Knapa tidak pakai MAY.?
2. I am going to give her a piece of my mind.
Artinya, Mas?
3. Where are you headed, Barbara?
Knapa ngga’ pake’ DO dgn kata HEAD aja?
4. Mas, Ini bisa direduksi ato tidak ya, pada kata THAT WOULD?
Apa beda antara TOBE dgn CAN, WILL? Pengaruhnya pada sentences?
These vivid and often poignant accounts of life histories were originally intended for publication in a series THAT WOULD form a gigantic documentary portrait of everyday life in America.
5. Experiments BEING carried out on several hundred patients indicate that ordinary sugar in high concentrations is lethal to bacteria.
Mas, Knapa BEING bisa nyelip disitu ya? Salah baris kali ya? Help, Pleeeeaaaaseeee… 
6. Look at paragraph 2, with which OF the following statements would be author most probably agree
The How and Why OF Getting the Information on That Number
Mas, Ini soal OF lagi, knapa bisa nyelip ya?
7. The wide diversity of interviewees was encouraged by the administrators, keen to foster tolerance and to promote a sense of national identity during the difficult period of the 1930s.
Mas, Aqu bingung dengan pola kalimat diatas? Koq tiba2 ada kata KEEN to faster?
Knapa 1930s, Pakai “s”, Mas?
8. Some desert-plant adaptations are related to chemical mechanisms. For instance, some phreatophytes depend on their unpleasant smell and taste for protection, while many xerophytes have internal gums and mucilages that give them water-retaining properties. another chemical mechanism is THAT OF the epicuticular wax layer. this wax layer acts as an impervious cover to protect the plant. it prevents excessive loss of internal moisture. it also protects the plant from external aggression, which can come from inorganic agents such as gases, or organic agents, which include bacteria and plant pests.
THAT OF..?
Imran Raif
ANSWER:
1. I think I might consider taking some summer classes.
Di kalimat ini, MIGHT = MAY = mungkin. So, kalimatnya juga benar kalau MIGHT diganti dengan MAY menjadi:
I think I may consider taking some summer classes.
Tetapi kenapa si penulis kalimat menggunakan MIGHT?
Alasannya ada dua:
a. Karena kalimat ini terdiri dari dua clause (“I think” dan “I might/may consider taking some summer classes”). Jika kalimatnya lebih dari satu clause, MIGHT lebih sering digunakan.
b. Sebenarnya ada sedikit perbedaan makna antara MIGHT dan MAY. Probabilitas MIGHT sedikit lebih rendah dari MAY. Artinya, jika digunakan MIGHT, kemungkinan terjadinya/kemungkinan dilakukannya “verb” yang mengikutinya sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan MAY. Kemungkinan untuk “mempertimbangkan” pada MIGHT CONSIDER adalah lebih rendah daripada MAY CONSIDER. Dengan kata lain, kemungkinan bahwa subject I untuk TIDAK mempertimbangkan pada MIGHT CONSIDER adalah lebih tinggi dari MAY CONSIDER.
Contoh lain:
“It might rain soon” vs “It may rain soon”.
Kemungkinan bahwa akan terjadi hujan pada kalimat “It might rain soon” adalah lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pada kalimat “It may rain soon“.
NOTE: selain berarti “mungkin“, auxiliary “MAY” juga digunakan untuk meminta permission/ijin. Dalam hal ini, MIGHT tidak dapat digunakan.
May I go now? CORRECT
MIGHT I go now? INCORRECT.
2. “a piece of my mind” = kritikan atau saran atau nasihat yang aku berikan atas apa yang telah dilakukan orang yang diberi kritikan/saran/nasihat tersebut.
Contoh lain:
If you find any difficulties in understanding certain English patterns, I will try my best to give you a piece of my mind.
3. Where are you headed, Barbara?
Knapa ngga’ pake’ DO dgn kata HEAD aja?
Karena kalimat ini adalah kalimat pasif. Di kalimat ini, subject “you atau Barbara” bersifat pasif, tidak punya kontrol terhadap arah tujuan. Misalnya saja, Barbara ini berada di sebuah taksi di sebuah kota yang baru saja dikunjunginya. Dia sudah lama di taksi itu tapi tidak sampai-sampai di rumah temannya. Akhirnya dia nelpon temannya itu, dan salah satu pertanyaan temannya adalah:
Where are you headed, Barbara?
I am headed south. (Aku (dibawa) ke arah selatan).
Jika Barba punya kontrol terhadap arah/tujuan, pertanyaan di atas lebih tepat dinyatakan dalam present continuous tense:
Where are you heading, Barbara?
I am heading south now. (Aku sedang meluncur/menuju ke arah selatan).
Konteks kalimat yang menggunakan verb “head” yang mengandung makna reguritas atau runitinas sehingga dapat digunakan simple present tense, apa ya?
4. Apakah phrase “THAT WOULD” pada kalimat “These vivid and often poignant accounts of life histories were originally intended for publication in a series THAT WOULD form a gigantic documentary portrait of everyday life in America” dapat direduksi?
TIDAK. Adjective clause yang relative pronounnya langsung diikuti oleh auxiliary (i.e. will, would, can, could, may, might, shall, should, dst) tidak dapat direduksi (dipenggal). Kalu direduksi, makna dari auxiliary itu akan hilang, dan tentu saja, makna kalimatnya juga akan berubah.
Apa beda antara TOBE dgn CAN, WILL? Apa pengaruhnya pada sentences?
To be merupakan salah satu dari “linking verb” yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan adjective atau noun dengan subject kalimat atau noun yang diterangkannya.
- You are good.
- You are a good student.
- You were bad.
- You were a bad student.
CAN dan WILL adalah auxiliary. Jika diikuti oleh to be, “is, am, are, was, were” semuanya menjadi “be”.
- You can be good.
- He can be a good student.
- She will be a doctor.
- I will be a as good as he.
5. Kalimat lengkapnya menggunakan present continuous tense:
Experiments THAT ARE BEING carried out on several hundred patients indicate that ordinary sugar in high concentrations is lethal to bacteria.
Hanya phrase “that are” yang direduksi. Jadi, “being“-nya tidak nyelip kan? 
.
6. Di sini, how dan why adalah noun. “Getting the information on that number” juga noun (atau lengkapnya: noun phrase), tetapi difungsikan sebagai adjective. Jika noun digunakan untuk menerangkan noun di depannya, maka dibutuhkan preposition “OF”.
7. Kalimat lengkapnya: “The wide diversity of interviewees was encouraged by the administrators, WHO WERE keen to foster tolerance and to promote a sense of national identity during the difficult period of the 1930s”.
Apa yang direduksi? Yup. “WHO WERE”.
NOTE: KEEN adalah kata sifat. Kalau “who were keen”, sebaiknya tempatkan “keen” sebelum noun yang diterangkannya.
The wide diversity of interviewees was encouraged by the keen administrators.
Tetapi, karena diikuti oleh phrase, penempatan di depan noun akan membuat lawan bicara sulit/bingung memahami maknanya. Coba perhatikan kalimat berikut:
The wide diversity of interviewees was encouraged by the keen to foster tolerance and to promote a sense of national identity during the difficult period of the 1930s administrators.
Knapa pakai “s” pada 1930s?
1930s = tahun 1930-an (1930, 1931, …, 1939).
Kalau “s”-nya dihilangkan menjadi “1930?, artinya hanyalah tahun 1930 (tidak termasuk tahun 1931, dst).
8. THAT menggantikan “the chemical mechanism“. Jadi “that of” = “the chemical mechanism of” .
Contoh lain:
The chemical mechanisms of desert plants are different from those of low-land plants.
Di kalimat ini digunakan “those” karena yang digantikannya adalah plural: “the chemical mechanisms“.
Contoh lainnya:
The price of my laptop is cheaper than that of his.
The prices of goods twenty years ago were much cheaper than those of goods today.
NOTE: Penggunaan “that of” dan “those of” seperti ini untuk menghindari penggunaan kata yang sama dalam kalimat yang sama. Orang bule tidak suka pengulangan/penggunaan kata yang sama.
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has 219 post(s) on Swara Bhaskara's English
Born and proud to be Putra Dewata.
6 comments
Swara Bhaskara
March 8, 2010
“What did I do yesterday?
Sorry, I missed answering this question.
I didn’t do much. I just stayed at home all day. I got up late, and as a result, I took a shower late too. After taking a shower, I then turned my computer on, got connected to the internet, logged in at chesscube.com, then played a lot of chess games against players from all over the world. I lost the first game, so I asked my lovely daughter to make me a cup of coffee. I felt better after my first sip, and I then started winning some games.
That’s all. Hehehe. It’s just to provide an example of writing that uses the simple past tense. How about you?
Imran Raif
March 12, 2010
Waow.. Makasih Mas. Aqu dah baca berulang-ulang dan hasilnya gini deh :
1.Thanks. I get it.
2.Thank you very much.
3.I don’t know too regarding the example in the simple present tense form :shy:
But I perceive I have found may be like below:
There are many interesting videos at http://www.contohaja.com. Please head there.
Bener G, kalo kayak gitu, Mas?
4.My heartfelt thanks
5.Oh, jadi pola sebenarnya adalah Simple present continuous tense dalam bentuk kalimat pasif kan?
6.Thanks. I get it, Mas
Why of the matter= Sebab persoalan.
Why of his death = Sebab musabab kematiannya.
Bener ngga’?
Kalo Aqu gunakan dalam kalimat:
I ask him why of the matter.
Do you know why of the matter?
She is very depression on knowing the why of his death
Please tell me the why of his death!
Doesn’t she know the why of his death?
Bener ngga, Mas?
But kalo Which of? Tuh Mas, blum dijelasin lo….
Apakah berarti “Yang mana dari…”
Of=dari
Which of those girls do you most love?
Which of those books are yours?
Bener ngga’ kalimat diatas?
7.The wide diversity of interviewees was encouraged by the keen to foster tolerance and to promote a sense of national identity during the difficult period of the 1930s administrators.
Oh jadi bias bentuk Adjektif+Sesuatu Apalah namanya+Noun/Pronoun
I was met by the beautiful to give something as gift girl. Hohoho…
She was surprised by the strong that appearS suddenly sound.
Atau hanya untuk kata tertentu aja, seperti:
She was inspired by the diligent to do homework Amir.
She was inspired by the keen to do assignment Amir.
Kalimat Aktif:
The worried that is standing there parent watches his son cross over the zebra crossing.
The beautiful to please her mom Hanna gives a birthday gift.
Nah lo, Bener ngga?
Oh jadi tanda “s” pada 1980s itu artinya kurun waktu sepuluh tahun diatasnya!
Kalo 1985s, bisa ngga?
1985-an. Bisa ngga? Kedengaran agak aneh ya..
8.Waow, Keren! Thank you so much.
The day when I prepared those questions was a vacation day. At night before, I had walked out to my friend’s house and spent my night at there. I and many others talked each other about very various topic and joke. We ate some cakes and fried foods at night. We all got asleep after midnight. At 3 o’clock at dawn we were waking up. As a Moeslem we must prepared to take pray at dawn. It’s really hard especially for me waking up at that time. After taking tahajjud pray together, we talked each other again and made any joke. We were still talking when we had to go to mosque taking pray.
For 30 minutes then we got my friend’s house. We had no special plan in the morning. I just arrived when my friend was calling and asking some help from our. He requested for helping him to plant some vegetables in the yard. I was not sure to do such matter because I was not an expert on it. Fortunately, the one other friend was so capable and took over that. I just provided some helps for him. We finished it approximately for an hour. I then came in to the house and turned on the television after washing my hand and feet.
It seemed my friend had planned all the things. Some other in the house had prepared the breakfast. At 8 roughly o’clock, we took breakfast while watching television. After breakfast, I decided to be left up to my home. I asked permission and left out.
I arrived at 9. I then took my laptop, turned it on and then clicked on some files. But I was so sleepy. I considered taking a doze. I got up before noon, took a bath and then continued my studying. I studied almost all the rest time before I got asleep at midnight. I stopped only to praying at the mosque and eating. Ooh..wait also to take a bath in the afternoon.
While studying, I wrote down everything that I could not understand and after reading one article, I looked back to it, tried hard to get its point, also browsed through the page of the “ http://www.swarabhaskara.com” that was copied from the inernet to find out whether there was the explanation that I needed to understand the problem or not. If I could not find it then I noted it as the lists of questions that were collected in the one file i.e. the “questions 4 swarabhaskara.txt” file.
On Monday, I posted them in the early morning. I then did wait for the response. I took a few days before checking it up because of my days full of activities. (halah… sok sibuk.. Laugh) In the Tuesday afternoon while I had a chance, I browsed for the response at swarabhaskara.com on the discussion page. I found and saved to my local harddisc, brought to my home and read it carefully. After reading for several times, I opened the Microsoft office program installed on my laptop. I considered extending those, the 8 question, thread to ensure what I had gotten if I was correct in understanding about those explanation or not.
I had written several sentences as the responses for the provided answers and made up these paragraphs and as the result I was took more several days on preparing the replied post. Actually I just need about 2 hours on writing but the hardest thing was I was so confused on finding any idea to write down. It was the worst part. Frown
While writing this, I think that this one is maybe the last paragraph of all the parts. I plan to check back what I have written above. Maybe I would find any mistake in the written. It could be wise to do before posting it.
But I was wrong. Hehehe… this one else appears again. This paragraph will be the last for sure because I have to browse and explore my Facebook page. Please correct my sentences in every paragraph for any mistake.
Nambah satu pertanyaan lagi Mas. Boleh kan? Boleh ya? Boleh dong!… Smile
Mas kalo kata:
Backthen atau back then. yg bener mana? terus dipake dimana? Please contoh kalimatnya Cry
Thank you in advance. Hehehehe… Maaf, kali ini banyak banget….
Swara Bhaskara
March 22, 2010
3. Please head there!
Yes, I think you could say that.
5.Yes, dan “being” ini mengekspresikan action in progress (progressive).
6.Yes, they’re correct. Cuman jangan lupa menambahkan article “the” di depan “why”, “when”, “how”, dst.
I ask him THE why of the matter.
Do you know THE why of the matter?
She is very DEPRESSED knowing the why of his death
Please tell me the why of his death!
Doesn’t she know the why of his death?
Penggunaan “which of”? Maaf, perasaan dulu saya sudah pernah kasikan linknya. Here it is: Penggunaan WHICH.
Tapi, contoh kalimat Imran sudah benar kok.
Which of those girls do you love the most?
Which of those books are yours?
7. Yes, jika adjective phrase ditempatkan di depan noun, lawan bicara/pembaca akan sulit memahami kalimatnya. Semakin panjang phrasenya, semakin sulit dipahami! Olehnya itu, adjective phrase harus ditempatkan setelah noun yang diterangkannya. BUT REMEMBER: jika adjective phrase menggunakan pola : “relative pronoun + to be + adjective”, sebaiknya tempatkan “adjective” tersebut (adjective-nya saja) di depan noun yang diterangkannya.
NOTE: contoh-contoh kalimat yang Imran berikan di poin 7 ini tidak saya baca lebih lanjut. Keburu pusing untuk memahaminya. Sorry.
Yes, “s” di “the 1980s” (the Eighties) mengekspresikan kurun waktu sepuluh tahun diatasnya (satu dekade), mulai dari tanggal 1 Januari 1980 sampai 31 Desember 1989.
Tapi bisa ngga “the 1985s? To be honest, saya belum pernah membaca atau mendengarnya. But if you find one, please share it with us!
8. You’re welcome.
Swara Bhaskara
March 22, 2010
SUGGESTIONS TO YOUR WRITING
PS: The suggested words are capitalized.
The day when I prepared those (THE ABOVE) questions was a vacation day. THE night before, I walked out to my friend’s house and spent my night THERE. I and many others talked TO each other about VARIOUS TOPICS and JOKES. We ate some CAKE and fried FOOD at night. We all got asleep after midnight. At 3 o’clock at dawn we were waking up. As MOESLEMS, we HAD TO PRAY at dawn. It’s really hard especially for me TO WAKE UP at that time. After HAVING TAKEN A tahajjud prayer together, we talked TO each other again and made SOME JOKES. We were still talking when we had to go to mosque TO pray.
30 minutes LATER, we got BACK TO my friend’s house. We had no special plan FOR THAT morning. I just arrived when my friend CALLED and ASKED some help from US. He requested US TO HELP him to plant some vegetables in the yard. I was not sure WHAT to do because I was not an expert AT it. Fortunately, ONE OF MY FRIENDS was so capable OF DOING THAT and took over MY PART. I just provided some HELP for him. We finished it approximately IN an hour. I then came in to the house and turned on the television after washing my HANDS and feet.
It seemed my friend had planned all the things. Some had prepared the breakfast in the house (IN THE KITCHEN?). At 8 o’clock, ROUGHLY, we HAD breakfast while watching television. After breakfast, I decided to GO home AFTER I asked MY FRIEND’S permission.
I arrived AT HOME at 9. I then took my laptop, turned it on and then clicked on some files. But I was so sleepy. I DECIDED TO TAKE a doze. I got up before noon, took a bath and then continued my studying. I studied almost all the rest OF THE DAY TILL I got asleep at midnight. I SOMETIMES stopped only to PRAY at the mosque and TO EAT, Ooh..wait!, AND to take a bath in the afternoon.
While studying, I wrote down everything that I could not understand and after reading one article, I looked back to it, tried hard to get its point, AND also browsed THE PAGE AT “ http://www.swarabhaskara.com” that I copied from to find out whether there was AN explanation that I needed to understand the problem or not. If I could not find it then I noted it IN the list of questions that were collected INTO one file i.e. the “questions 4 swarabhaskara.txt” file.
On Monday, I posted them in the early morning. I then did wait for the response. I took a few days before checking it up BECAUSE my days WERE full of activities. (halah… sok sibuk.. ). ON Tuesday afternoon while I had a chance, I browsed for the response ON THE swarabhaskara.com’S discussion FORUM. I found IT and saved IT to my local hard disk, brought to my home and read it carefully. After reading IT several times, I opened the Microsoft office program installed in my laptop. I DECIDED TO EXTEND the 8-QUESTION thread to ensure WHETHER what I had gotten FROM the explanation WAS CORRECT or not.
I had written several sentences as the responses TO the provided answers and WROTE DOWN these paragraphs and as A result, IT took ME several MORE days TO PREPARE THIS REPLY. Actually, I just NEEDED about 2 hours TO WRITE IT but the hardest PART was I was so confused OF finding SOME IDEAS. (YEAH) THAT was the worst part.
While writing this, I THOUGHT that this one WAS maybe the last paragraph of all. I PLANNED to check AGAIN what I HAD written. Maybe I would find SOME MISTAKES in MY WRITING. It WOULD be wise to do IT before posting it.
But I was wrong. Hehehe… This one APPEARED again. (BUT), this paragraph WOULD be the last ONE for sure because I HAD to EXPLORE my Facebook.
Please correct ANY MISTAKE IN EVERY sentence OF THIS WRITING.
Swara Bhaskara
March 22, 2010
BACK THEN
Phrasal verb ini tidak bisa digabungkan. Saya tidak pernah lihat ditulis “backthen”.
Back then = pada saat itu, digunakan untuk merujuk ke waktu in the past yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Contoh:
One year after I was born, I was brought up by my grandparents in a small village full of rice fields. Back then, everything was so natural. I was always lulled by crickets’ chirping during nights of soybean crop growing seasons, or by frogs’ songs during nights of rice crop growing seasons. During the days, all different kinds of birds were freely dancing in the sky, and those perching on the bamboo trees kept telling me how happy they were. But, that was back then, though.
Imran Raif
March 23, 2010
Thank you, I really like you soooooooo much!
Seperti biasa, Aqu hanya baca sambil lalu, belum mendalami benar makna tiap penjelasan. Aqu lebih suka baca di rumah, lebih tenang daripada dikampus!
Soal Which, hehehehe… sory om, lupa kalo dah pernah nanya. hehehehehe…
Aqu plan mau pergi “Berburu” hehehe. jadi bisa belajar banyak secara offline. Aqu dah banyak copy halaman-2 blog ini.
See you!