Terkadang kita ragu dalam menentukan apakah kita harus gunakan simple present tense atau present continuous tense. Jika anda memiliki keraguan ini, pertama-tama silakan review kembali penggunaan simple present tense dan present continuous tense.
So, penggunaan kedua tensis ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut:
| Simple present tense | Present continuous tense | |
| Usages | 1. Untuk menyatakan habitual action. 2. Untuk menyatakan regular happening. 3. Untuk menyatakan teori. 4. Untuk menyatakan fakta saat sekarang |
1. Untuk menyatakan bahwa aktivitas atau kejadian SEDANG dilakukan atau SEDANG berlangsung pada saat dibicarakan. |
| Modifier of time | Now, everyday, every week, every month, every year, once a week, once in two weeks, twice a week, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, dst | Now, at the moment |
| Adverbs of frequency | Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, dst. | - |
| Examples | 1. He jogs every day. 2. The full moon comes once in 30 days. 3. We all need oxygen to live. 4. She is a nice person. 5. She looks beautiful in her newly bought dress. | 1. He is jogging now. 2. The full moon is slowly rising in the east at the moment. 3. He is taking a deep breath. 4. She is being nice to me. 5. She is looking for her newly bought dress. |
Dari tabel di atas, perbedaan yang paling mendasar dari kedua tensis ini adalah:
1. Verb dalam simple present tense hanya menggambarkan aktivitas atau kejadian yang berulang, atau rutinitas yang telah terjadi/dilakukan oleh subject kalimat dari dulu sampai sekarang, besok, dan mungkin sampai seterusnya. (Hal ini sudah dibahas secara detail di simple present vs past tense). Sebaliknya, dalam present continuous tense, verb tersebut sedang in action atau in progress (sedang terjadi atau sedang dilakukan oleh subject kalimat).
Tambah bingung? Well, sekarang begini:
Kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bertanya : “Kamu biasanya ngapain malam Minggu?”
Kemudian, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bilang :”Malam Minggu aku biasanya nonton TV di rumah”, “Aku ketemu pacarku tiap malam Minggu”, “Aku kadang-kadang nengok temen-temen”, dst? Kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki kesan seperti ini dalam bahasa Ingris kita nyatakan dengan simple present tense.
- What do you usually do on Saturday night?
- I usually watch TV at home on Saturday night.
- I meet my girlfriend every Saturday night.
- Sometimes I visit my friends. dst
Sebaliknya, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bertanya: “Kamu lagi (sedang) ngapain?”.
Kemudian, kesan apa yang ada di pikiran kita ketika kita bilang : “Aku sedang nonton TV”, “Aku lagi baca koran neh”, “Aku lagi nulis cerpen”, dst? Kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki kesan seperti ini dalam bahasa Ingris kita nyatakan dengan present continuous tense.
- What are you doing?
- I am watching TV.
- I am reading newspapers.
- I am writing a short story. dst
2. Stative verbs tidak pernah digunakan dalam present continuous tense, dan tensis-tensis progressive lainnya. Why? Karena sative verbs bersifat pasif, hanya menyatakan (stating) fakta: apa yang ada di otak (pikiran), apa yang dirasakan, dan apa yang ditangkap panca indera. Verbs ini tidak aktif melakukan aksi. (Kata-kata yang tergolong stative verbs dapat dilihat di topik simple present tense).
Misalnya: hear (pasif : mendengar) vs listen (aktif: mendengarkan).
- I sometimes hear bad gossips about her. (pasif)
- I sometimes listen to this song. (aktif)
- I am listening to the song now. INCORRECT jika : I am hearing to the song now.
Yang perlu diperhatikan adalah beberapa stative verbs tersebut juga merupakan verbs yang aktif melakukan aksi. Misalnya:
| Pasif | Aktif |
| think (fikir/kira) look (tampak/terlihat) smell (tercium/baunya) taste (terasa) feel (terasa/merasa) | think (memikirkan) look (melihat) smell (menciumi) taste (merasakan/mencicipi) feel (merasakan) |
Contoh:
- I think you will understand the difference between the simple present tense and the present continuous tense soon. (pasif)
- I am confused and I am still thinking of how to differentiate between the simple present tense and the present continuous tense now. (aktif)
- She looks beautiful in her new dress. (pasif)
- She is looking for her new dress hurriedly. (aktif)
- The jasmine smells very fragrant. (pasif)
- She is smelling the jasmine passionately. (aktif)
- The food tastes good. (pasif)
- The chef is tasting the food he is cooking. (aktif)
- The silk feels so soft. (pasif)
- I am feeling the softness of the silk. (aktif)
3. Sebagian besar stative verbs (khususnya yang terkait dengan panca indera) adalah juga linking verbs atau copulatives verbs. Linking verbs (termasuk to be: is, am, are, was, were, be, been) diikuti oleh adjectives (bukan oleh adverbs), dan adjectives ini menerangkan subject kalimat. Di sini, linking verbs hanya berfungsi menjembatani adjectives dengan subject, bersifat pasif, dan tidak aktif melakukan aksi. Dan seperti halnya stative verbs, linking verbs tidak digunakan dalam present continuous tense, dan tensis-tensis progressive lainnya.
Contoh:
- She is smart, beautiful, and kind.
- John looks very nervous when girls approach him.
- This fried rice tastes delicious.
- Andre always gets mad every time we talk about his being rejected by girls.
- Adam’s apple becomes obvious when boys reach 17, doesn’t it?
- Don’t panic! Please stay calm!
- I want you to remain silent.
- I love the sound of Balinese gamelan. It sounds great.
- She seems very happy.
- Most people appear relaxed after vacation.
Note: Semua verb yang dicetak tebal adalah linking/copulative verb dan diikuti oleh adjective (bukan oleh adverb).
She is being nice to me? Benarkah kalimat ini? Bukankah sebaiknya ditulis : “She is nice to me”?
Kedua kalimat ini grammatically correct, tapi memiliki makna yang berbeda. Pada kalimat pertama, subject she aktif berupaya agar tampak “nice/baik hati” di mata “me” atau agar object “me” merasa senang. Upaya itu SEDANG dilakukan oleh she pada saat kalimat ini diucapkan.
She has disliked me since we were kids. She always says bad things about me. She’s always mean to me. I don’t understand why she is treating me as if I were a prince now. I guess she is just being nice to me.
Sebaliknya, kalimat kedua lebih menyatakan pada fakta/ kesan “nice” yang ada pada she terhadap me. Kesan “nice” ini ada sejak waktu tertentu di masa lampau, sampai sekarang dan mungkin sampai seterusnya.
We have been friends since we were kids. She always says good things about me. She always treats me well. She is always nice to me. She is the best. I hope we’re friends forever.
Kesimpulan
- Gunakan simple present tense jika kita membicarakan habitual actions, regular happening, theories, dan facts. Sebaliknya, gunakan present continuous tense jika ingin menyatakan bahwa aktivitas sedang dilakukan atau kejadian sedang terjadi/berlangsung.
- Jangan gunakan present continuous tense jika verb-nya bersifat pasif (i.e. stative verbs dan linking verbs).
Now it’s time to practice what we just learned here. Are you ready? If so, please click the following link: Practice test 6 : Simple Present tense vs Present Continuous.
24 comments
matsoe
October 17, 2009
what should i say…
this is so smart … no..no.. this is verry smart …
salamualaikum pak Bhaskara, i am a new member in this “university”, i think…!
i’m starting love the english when i know about ‘pronunciation’ in bbc.com. i’m feelling great when i read the word of ‘what’ is ‘whoat’ out on my mouth. what do you think?…
i just wanna/want usul, how if in your university, you give us lesson about the ‘pronunciation’.
maafin bahasa inggrisnya ya pak…, makasih … wasssalam….
Swara Bhaskara
October 17, 2009
Hello, Matsoe. How are you? Thanks for your suggestion. I had the plan to include how to pronounce certain words but it will not happen near in the future. Right now I am still focusing on making this blog a content rich blog. For the time being, if you’d like to know how a certain word should be pronounced, you can visit dictionary.com. The link is on your right screen.
By the way, if you started to love English because of “WHOAT”, I started to love English because of “BLAADI”.
It’s a pleasure to know you.
Alhidayat
October 29, 2009
Pada kalimat I sometimes listen to this song,apakah kita bisa langsung menuliskan I sometimes listen this song tanpa menambahkan kata to
Swara Bhaskara
October 29, 2009
Good question Alhidayat.
Jika diikuti oleh noun (misalnya: this song, your voice, music, dst.) selalu gunakan kata depan TO setelah listen.
I am listening to this song now.
I am listening to your voice.
I like listening to music.
Tetapi jika tidak diikuti oleh noun, TO tidak dibutuhkan.
Keep speaking! I am listening.
Listen !
Alhidayat
October 30, 2009
Benarkah kalimat: “Sebenarnya saya merasa malu tidak pernah bisa untuk menguasai bahasa Inggris” seperti ini dalam bahasa inggrisnya: Trully I feel abashed never can speak english?
Mohon penjelasannya!
Swara Bhaskara
October 31, 2009
Hampir benar. Problemnya ada di: …..abashed never can speak….. Problem ini disebabkan oleh kalimat bahasa Indonya yang kekurangan komponen kalimat . Kalau ditulis begini:
“Sebenarnya saya merasa malu karena saya tidak bisa menguasai bahasa Inggris”
Saya yakin kalimat Englishnya akan perfect. So, kalimat in English dengan makna sama dengan kalimat Indonesia yang telah direvisi tadi antara lain:
Truly I feel abashed for not being able to understand English well.
Truly I feel abashed because I can’t understand English well.
Truly I feel abashed due to my incapability of understanding English well.
Alhidayat
October 31, 2009
Ok thanks, next time I will try for better..
Swara Bhaskara
October 31, 2009
My pleasure.
Present Continuous Tense « Huderi's Blog
January 17, 2011
[...] perbedaan penggunaan simple present tense dengan present continuous tense, silakan baca topik : Simple present tense vs Present Continuous tense. Kemudian, setelah mengerjakan Practice test 6 pemahaman anda tentang perbedaan penggunaan kedua [...]
ahmadi
July 17, 2011
…night sir, how do you do,..i hope you’re in good condition now.
so, i’ve got a question to you…
i’ve been wonder about this one sentence form of present tense..
what is the funcion of ‘does’ word in this sentence
“i believe that the heart ‘does’ go on”
so, what is your explanation about it sir..?please tell me…thanks before
Swara Bhaskara
August 24, 2011
This has been discussed in the Uses of DO/DOES, DID and DONE.
yuki
August 24, 2011
Mr.Bhas saya ingin tanya bgm dng ini, bukan-kah tdk boleh dlm bentuk continous tense sesuatu yg berhubungan dengan benak/perasaan?
I’m Hoping you’ll show me what to do
ini lirik lagu way back in to love, sebelum-y terima kasih ats penjelasan-y
Swara Bhaskara
August 25, 2011
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, sebuah verb umumnya memiliki lebih dari satu makna. Kalau kita perhatikan Tabel 2 di posting di atas, verb think, look dst. bisa sebagai verb pasif (di kolom kiri) dab verb aktif (kolom kanan), dan makna verb di kolom kiri dan kolom kanan tersebut berbeda. Begitu juga halnya dengan verb hope.
Salah satu cara untuk mengetes apakah verb tertentu bersifat aktif dan bisa digunakan dalam continuous tenses adalah dengan menggunakan pertanyaan, misalnya: “Apakah yang sedang kamu lakukan?“.
Kalimat 1 – 6 OK, nyambung dengan pertanyaannya, dan ada action of doing something. Sebaliknya, walaupun kalimat 7 & 8 sering kita gunakan dalam Bahasa Indonesia, tapi disini, kedua kalimat ini tidak nyambung dengan pertanyaannya dan tidak ada action of doing something.
deebah
October 15, 2011
Thanks a lot for your explanation, sir :-).
Now, I have a question in my mind. In your explanation above, you said that…
Aku sedang berharap (mengharapkan) kamu akan menunjukkan padaku apa yang aku harus lakukan.
In English : I’m hoping you’ll show me what to do. (OK)
My question is…
berharap atau hope itu stative pa bukan sir?
Swara Bhaskara
October 18, 2011
It’s been replied on this page.
yuki
August 25, 2011
so i think this is incorrect sentence, isn’t it?
i have been liking the kind of books since i was in secondary school.
Thank you for your explanation, sir.
Swara Bhaskara
August 25, 2011
Yes. Use the present perfect tense, instead.
I have liked this kind of books since I was at secondary school
.
yuki
August 26, 2011
Sir, may I ask something about these sentences, because I’m sometimes confused when making sentences in english.
1. If she loved me,she would be here with me
(Jika dia mencintaiku dia akan berada di sini dgn-ku)
artinya, she tdk mencintai-y dan tdk akn berada di sna bersama me, apakah benar?
2. I can make you fall in love to me although you doesn’t love
(aku bisa membuatmu jatuh cinta kpd-ku meski kau tak cinta)
apakah kalimat ke 2 benar. please, correct my sentences. Thank you so much
Swara Bhaskara
August 26, 2011
The first sentence is correct, but there are small mistakes in the second one.
So,
Yukaseven
October 9, 2011
Mr.bhas , mana kalimat pertanyaannya yang benar :
What is the main problem of mr.roby ? atau
what does the main problem of mr,roby ?
kasih tau ya mr.bhas , masalahnya saya masih awam dalam englishnya , thanks.
Swara Bhaskara
October 9, 2011
Hi,
The correct one should be :
What is the main problem of Mr. Roby?
or, it’s even better if:
What is Mr. Roby’s main problem?
Please see the usage of DO, DOES, DID and be on Predicate adjective and Nominative.
Yukaseven
October 9, 2011
thank’s so much Mr.Bash.
mochan
November 15, 2011
I want to learn more about english
could you like to guide me?
donny nugroho
February 27, 2012
Pak , mau nanya..tenses apa saja yang penggunaannya hampir mirip2?? mohon diberi perbedaannya…jadi dibuat yang “VS” lagi gitu??