Modifier berfungsi untuk menerangkan waktu (modifier of time), menerangkan tempat (modifier of place), atau menerangkan cara dalam melakukan kegiatan (modifier of manner). Modifier pada umumnya berupa prepositional phrase (yaitu sekelompok kata yang dimulai oleh kata depan dan diakhiri oleh noun). Misalnya: in the morning (pada pagi hari), on the table (di atas meja), at the university (di universitas).
Selain itu, modifier dapat juga berupa single adverb (misalnya: yesterday (kemarin), outdoors (luar gedung), hurriedly (dengan buru-buru) atau adverbial phrase (misalnya: last night (tadi malam), next year (tahun depan). Modifier adalah menjawab pertanyaan ‘when’, where, dan ‘how’.
Contoh :
- John bought a book at the bookstore (John membeli sebuah buku di toko buku)
- Yeyes was swimming in the swimming pool at 4 pm. yesterday. (Yeyes sedang berenang di kolam renang jam 4 sore kemarin)
- My father is driving very fast. (Ayahku sedang mengendarai (mobil) dengan sangat cepat)
- The milk is in the refrigerator. (Susunya ada di dalam kulkas)
- We usually eat dinner at 7 pm. (Kami biasanya makan malam jam 7).
Perhatikan:
- Modifier of time biasanya diungkapkan paling akhir jika kalimat tersebut memiliki lebih dari satu modifier.
- Tidak semua kalimat membutuhkan modifier.
10 comments
jafarmadina
June 22, 2010
1. apakah perbedaan other dengan else
2. apakah fungsi to dalam kalimat?
a. listen to me
b. call me atau call to me
thanks
ada beberapa pertanyaan yang tdk sempat terjawab, kenapa ya….? sibuk kali ye…?
Swara Bhaskara
June 18, 2011
Hi Jafarmadina,
Sorry for the very late reply.
1. OTHER vs ELSE
Other dan else = yang lain; sama-sama digunakan untuk mengekpresikan orang atau benda, selain yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Umumnya, pola-pola penggunaan OTHER, antara lain:
a. ANOTHER + SINGULAR NOUN (Nounnya singular. Dalam hal ini, noun-nya tidak spesifik)
I am still thirsty. Can I have another glass of water, please? (another glass = one more glass)
I am still thirsty. Can I have
another glassesof water, please? (INCORRECT)I am still thirsty. Can I have
another water, please? (INCORRECT)b. ANOTHER (Nounnya dihilangkan. Noun yang dihilangkan tersebut adalah singular)
I don’t like this picture. Please give me another picture.
I don’t like this picture. Please give me another. (another = any other picture)
c. OTHER + PLURAL NOUN (Dalam hal ini, noun-nya tidak spesifik)
I don’t like this picture. Do you have other pictures from which I can choose one?
d. OTHER + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN (Dalam hal ini, noun-nya tidak spesifik)
The news on this channel is not good. Let’s find other news on another channel, shall we?
e. OTHERS (Nounnya dihilangkan. Noun yang dihilangkan tersebut adalah plural)
I don’t like this picture. Do you have others from which I can choose one?
f. THE OTHER + SINGULAR NOUN (Dalam hal ini, noun-nya spesifik, noun tersebut/noun yang itu)
I have only two keys. I couldn’t open this door with this one, so I must use the other key.
g. THE OTHER + PLURAL NOUN (Dalam hal ini, noun-nya spesifik, noun tersebut/noun yang itu)
I have many keys. I couldn’t open this door with this one, so I must try the other keys one by one.
h. THE OTHER + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN (Dalam hal ini, noun-nya spesifik, noun tersebut/noun yang itu)
I have drunk a half of the water in that bottle, but I am still thirsty so I am going to drink the other water in that bottle.
g. THE OTHER (Nounnya dihilangkan. Noun yang dihilangkan tersebut bisa singular, bisa uncountable noun)
I have only two keys. I couldn’t open this door with this one, so I must use the other.
I have drunk a half of the water in that bottle, but I am still thirsty so I am going to drink the other.
h. THE OTHERS (Nounnya dihilangkan. Noun yang dihilangkan tersebut adalah plural)
I have many keys. I couldn’t open this door with this one, so I must try the others one by one.
Dapatkah ELSE digunakan untuk menggantikan OTHER di atas? Well, akan terdengar asing kalau kita bilang:
I am still thirsty. Can I have
anelseglass of water, please? (INCORRECT)ELSE umumnya digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sesuatu atau seseorang (yang tidak spesifik).
something/anything else
Let’s discuss something else = Let’s discuss any other thing.
Do you need anything else? = Do you need any other thing?
She just went out with someone else = She just went out with another person.
What else did you steal?
When else did you steal?
Where else did you steal?
I can’t find it here. It must be somewhere else = It must be elsewhere
2. fungsi TO dalam phrase: LISTEN TO ME
TO berfungsi sebagai preposition. Kalau tidak diikuti oleh noun/pronoun, TO tidak dibutuhkan.
Ssttt, listen!
Verb lain yang membutuhkan TO, antara lain: talk, say
I want to talk to my boss.
Please, come and talk to me!
I have said to her many things
BUT, tidak semua verb (misalnya: call) membutuhkan preposition TO.
Please, call me!
Please, call to me! (INCORRECT)
suci_dani
November 26, 2010
sir . . apa perbedaan antara modifier, complement dan adverb?? dan fungsinya dalam simple present tense?? saya masih belum mengerti sepenuhnya . .
Swara Bhaskara
November 26, 2010
Untuk istilah modifier and complement kayaknya ada dua versi. Saya ngikutin versi di Buku CLIFFS.
Complement = Object kalimat = pelengkap
I need money.
Money adalah a complement.
Modifier adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menerangkan kata kerja atau kata benda. Modifier yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan kata kerja disebut adverb, sedangkan yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan kata benda disebut adjective (kata sifat).
He speaks English fluently.
She stays at home.
Your beautiful smile makes my heart beat fast.
fluently = adverb (adv. of manner)
at home = adverb (adv. of place)
Beautiful = adjective.
fast = adverb (adv.of manner).
Bahrudin
February 17, 2011
Excuse me, Mr. Bhaskara….
I wanna ask you about the differance between anyway word and anymore..
If you have much time, pleas answer my question..
Thank’s before for answering…..
Sweet regard,
Bahrudin
Swara Bhaskara
June 18, 2011
ANYWAY vs ANYMORE
Anyway dan anymore adalah sama-sama adverb. ANYWAY = anyhow, regardless, in any case, in any event (meskipun demikian/begitu); Umumnya digunakan untuk mengekspresikan bahwa suatu action tetap dilakukan/akan dilakukan, apapun keadaan/kondisi/outcome-nya.
He knew that driving very fast was very dangerous but he drove very fast anyway.
His parents didn’t approve of his marrying her but he married her anyway.
Whether you like the taste of those pills or not, you have to take them all anyway.
Anyway juga sering digunakan untuk memulai kembali cerita yang sedikit terhenti atau untuk mengembalikan cerita yang sedikit melenceng.
Anyway, the criminals succeeded in robbing the bank after they had gunned down the three officers in that bank.
ANYMORE = any longer.
It’s over. I don’t love you anymore =
It’s over. I don’t love you any longer =
It’s over. I no longer love you.
evioren
June 18, 2011
Sir,help me please
what is the best answer of this question??
thank you Sir
1.When Jhon, a student exchange from Australia was asked … Of the bank century scandal, he seriously replied that it was a terrible disaster.
A. About thinking
b. If he was thinking
c. What he did think
d.what he thought
e. What did he think
2.The phonograph next door was so loud that we could…..hear the television in our own room.
A. hard
B. harder
C. hardly
D. hardy
3.Elemone who is steward in Coffee Bean works ……
a.hard
b.so hard
c.hardly
d.so hardly
Swara Bhaskara
June 18, 2011
Seperti sebelumnya, I’m not gonna give you fish, but a fishing rod, instead.
1. How to Address Question, khususnya tentang embedded questions.
2. hard = dengan sulit, dengan giat; harder = dengan lebih sulit, dengan lebih giat; hardly = hampir tidak; hardy = kuat/keras
3. mirip dengan soal 2.
By the way, I haven’t seen your reply to my question in this discussion. Saya hanya wondering apakah Evioren sudah benar-benar paham dengan materi yang ditanyakan.
bocah tua nakal
June 19, 2011
i’m going to try to answer it and i hope that you’ll correct my answer sir :
1. D
2. C
3. B
Swara Bhaskara
June 20, 2011
1. When John, an exchange student from Australia, was asked what he thought of the bank century scandal, he seriously replied that it was a terrible disaster.
2.The phonograph next door was so loud that we could hardly hear the television in our own room.
3.Elemone, who is a steward in Coffee Bean, works hard.
NOTE:
Kalimat yang menggunakan Opsi A plus kalimat berikutnya tidak salah kan?
He works hard.
He is rich.
She looks beautiful.
Dalam speaking, kita sering mendengar orang bilang, antara lain:
He works so hard.
He is so rich.
She looks so beautiful.
BUT, in order for these to be grammatically correct (standard written English), they need a “that clause”, as in question 2.
He works so hard that he has a lot of money.
He is so rich that he can afford many things.
She looks so beautiful that many boys are in love with her.
If we don’t want to use “that clause“, use very, instead.
He works very hard.
He is very rich.
She looks very beautiful.